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  Spring Boot WebSocket

  • Spring Boot与Websocket

    在本章中，让我们了解如何通过将Spring Boot与Web Socket一起使用来构建交互式Web应用程序。要在带有websocket的Spring Boot中构建交互式Web应用程序，您需要添加以下依赖项。
    Maven用户应在pom.xml文件中添加以下依赖项。 
    
<dependency>  
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>  
</dependency>
    Gradle用户可以在build.gradle文件中添加以下依赖项- 
    
implementation  'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-websocket'
    注入配置- 
    
package com.jc2182.demo;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;


@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {

    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }

}
    现在，在application.properties文件中添加应用程序名称，如下所示： 
    
server.port=9999
    构建配置文件的完整代码- 
    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.jc2182</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR3</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>  
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>  
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>  
       </dependency>
       
       <dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
           <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
           <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
           <version>1.2.68</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
          <version>3.10</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-log</artifactId>
            <version>4.1.17</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
    Gradle – build.gradle 
    
plugins {
    id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.2.6.RELEASE'
    id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.9.RELEASE'
    id 'java'
}

group = 'com.jc2182'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '1.8'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

ext {
    set('springCloudVersion', "Hoxton.SR3")
}

dependencies {
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-websocket'
    implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf'
    implementation 'com.alibaba:fastjson:1.2.68'
    implementation 'org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.10'
    implementation 'cn.hutool:hutool-log:4.1.17'
    testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') {
        exclude group: 'org.junit.vintage', module: 'junit-vintage-engine'
    }
}

dependencyManagement {
    imports {
        mavenBom "org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-dependencies:${springCloudVersion}"
    }
}

test {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}
    下面给出了，websocket服务实现的代码
    您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件，并使用以下Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序。 
    
package com.jc2182.demo;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import javax.websocket.OnClose;
import javax.websocket.OnError;
import javax.websocket.OnMessage;
import javax.websocket.OnOpen;
import javax.websocket.Session;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.hutool.log.Log;
import cn.hutool.log.LogFactory;




/**
 * @author zhengkai.blog.csdn.net
 */
@ServerEndpoint("/imserver/{userId}")
@Component
public class WebSocketServer {

    static Log log=LogFactory.get(WebSocketServer.class);
    /**静态变量，用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。*/
    private static int onlineCount = 0;
    /**concurrent包的线程安全Set，用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象。*/
    private static ConcurrentHashMap<String,WebSocketServer> webSocketMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
    /**与某个客户端的连接会话，需要通过它来给客户端发送数据*/
    private Session session;
    /**接收userId*/
    private String userId="";

    /**
     * 连接建立成功调用的方法*/
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session,@PathParam("userId") String userId) {
        this.session = session;
        this.userId=userId;
        if(webSocketMap.containsKey(userId)){
            webSocketMap.remove(userId);
            webSocketMap.put(userId,this);
            //加入set中
        }else{
            webSocketMap.put(userId,this);
            //加入set中
            addOnlineCount();
            //在线数加1
        }

        log.info("用户连接:" + userId + ",当前在线人数为:" + getOnlineCount());

        try {
            sendMessage("连接成功");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("用户:"+userId+",网络异常!!!!!!");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 连接关闭调用的方法
     */
    @OnClose
    public void onClose() {
        if(webSocketMap.containsKey(userId)){
            webSocketMap.remove(userId);
            //从set中删除
            subOnlineCount();
        }
        log.info("用户退出:"+userId+",当前在线人数为:" + getOnlineCount());
    }

    /**
     * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法
     *
     * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息*/
    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
        log.info("用户消息:"+userId+",报文:"+message);
        //可以群发消息
        //消息保存到数据库、redis
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(message)){
            try {
                //解析发送的报文
                JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(message);
                //追加发送人(防止串改)
                jsonObject.put("fromUserId",this.userId);
                String toUserId=jsonObject.getString("toUserId");
                //传送给对应toUserId用户的websocket
                if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(toUserId)&&webSocketMap.containsKey(toUserId)){
                    webSocketMap.get(toUserId).sendMessage(jsonObject.toJSONString());
                }else{
                    log.error("请求的userId:"+toUserId+"不在该服务器上");
                    //否则不在这个服务器上，发送到mysql或者redis
                }
            }catch (Exception e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     *
     * @param session
     * @param error
     */
    @OnError
    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
        log.error("用户错误:"+this.userId+",原因:"+error.getMessage());
        error.printStackTrace();
    }
    /**
     * 实现服务器主动推送
     */
    public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException {
        this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
    }


    /**
     * 发送自定义消息
     * */
    public static void sendInfo(String message,@PathParam("userId") String userId) throws IOException {
        log.info("发送消息到:"+userId+"，报文:"+message);
        if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(userId)&&webSocketMap.containsKey(userId)){
            webSocketMap.get(userId).sendMessage(message);
        }else{
            log.error("用户"+userId+",不在线！");
        }
    }

    public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
        return onlineCount;
    }

    public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
        WebSocketServer.onlineCount++;
    }

    public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
        WebSocketServer.onlineCount--;
    }
}
    请求demo - 控制器 
    
package com.jc2182.demo;

import com.jc2182.demo.WebSocketServer;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * WebSocketController 
 */
@RestController
public class DemoController {
    
    /**
     * 请求测试
     */
    @GetMapping("index")
    public ResponseEntity<String> index(){
        return ResponseEntity.ok("请求成功");
    }

    /**
     * 客户端请求demo
     */
    @GetMapping("page")
    public ModelAndView page(){
        return new ModelAndView("websocket");
    }

    /**
     * 服务器主动推送demo
     */
    @RequestMapping("/push/{toUserId}")
    public ResponseEntity<String> pushToWeb(String message, @PathVariable String toUserId) throws IOException {
        WebSocketServer.sendInfo(message,toUserId);
        return ResponseEntity.ok("MSG SEND SUCCESS");
    }
}
    入口文件，spring boot application 
    
package com.jc2182.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; 
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class WebSocketApplication {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      SpringApplication.run(WebSocketApplication.class, args);
   }
   
   
}
    html 模板文件 - websocket.html 
    
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>websocket通讯</title>
</head>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js"></script>
<script>
    var socket;
    function openSocket() {
        if(typeof(WebSocket) == "undefined") {
            console.log("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket");
        }else{
            console.log("您的浏览器支持WebSocket"); 
            var socketUrl="ws://localhost:9999/imserver/"+$("#userId").val();
            console.log(socketUrl);
            if(socket!=null){
                socket.close();
                socket=null;
            }
            socket = new WebSocket(socketUrl);
            //打开事件
            socket.onopen = function() {
                console.log("websocket已打开");
                //socket.send("这是来自客户端的消息" + location.href + new Date());
            };
            //获得消息事件
            socket.onmessage = function(msg) {
                console.log(msg.data);
                //发现消息进入    开始处理前端触发逻辑
            };
            //关闭事件
            socket.onclose = function() {
                console.log("websocket已关闭");
            };
            //发生了错误事件
            socket.onerror = function() {
                console.log("websocket发生了错误");
            }
        }
    }
    function sendMessage() {
        if(typeof(WebSocket) == "undefined") {
            console.log("您的浏览器不支持WebSocket");
        }else {
            console.log("您的浏览器支持WebSocket"); 
            console.log('{"toUserId":"'+$("#toUserId").val()+'","contentText":"'+$("#contentText").val()+'"}');
            socket.send('{"toUserId":"'+$("#toUserId").val()+'","contentText":"'+$("#contentText").val()+'"}');
        }
    }
</script>
<body>
<p>【userId】：<div><input id="userId" name="userId" type="text" value="10"></div>
<p>【toUserId】：<div><input id="toUserId" name="toUserId" type="text" value="20"></div>
<p>【Content】：<div><input id="contentText" name="contentText" type="text" value="hello websocket"></div>
<p>【操作】：<div><button onclick="openSocket()">开启socket</button></div>
<p>【操作】：<div><button onclick="sendMessage()">发送消息</button></div>
</body>

</html>
    现在可以构建一个可运行JAR文件
    注意在测试类中的@SpringBootTest的注解加入参数（webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT），否则无法正常测试通过，或者在配置文件中删除测试的任务和依赖进行构建
    websocket
    对于Maven，您可以使用以下命令- 
    
mvn clean install
    在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后，您可以在target目录下找到JAR文件。
    对于Gradle，您可以使用以下命令- 
    
gradle clean build
    在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后，您可以在build/libs目录下找到JAR文件。
    现在，使用如下所示的命令运行JAR文件： 
    
java –jar <JARFILE>
    您会发现该应用程序已在Tomcat端口9999上启动。
    websocket
    现在在您的Web浏览器中访问URL http://localhost:9999/index，您可以看到以下输出-
    websocket
    请求 - http://localhost:9999/page 并进行测试，推送消息
    websocket
    用另外一个窗口请求 - http://localhost:9999/page 可以看到上一个窗口发来的消息
    websocket
    推送消息 - http://localhost:9999/push/10?message=test 可以在浏览器和控制台看到如下情况
    websocket
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