@ExceptionHandler
@ExceptionHandler注解是用于处理特定异常并将自定义响应发送到客户端的注解。
您可以使用以下代码创建@ControllerAdvice类以全局处理异常-
package com.jc2182.demo.exception;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
@ControllerAdvice
public class ProductExceptionController {
}
定义一个继承RuntimeException类的类。
package com.jc2182.demo.exception;
public class ProductNotfoundException extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}
您可以定义@ExceptionHandler方法来处理异常。此方法应用于编写Controller Advice类文件。
@ExceptionHandler(value = ProductNotfoundException.class)
public ResponseEntity<Object> exception(ProductNotfoundException exception) {
}
现在,使用下面给出的代码从API引发异常。
@RequestMapping(value = "/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public ResponseEntity<Object> updateProduct() {
throw new ProductNotfoundException();
}
下面给出了处理异常的完整代码。在此示例中,我们使用了PUT API来更新产品。在这里,在更新产品时,如果找不到产品,则返回响应错误消息为“Product not found”。请注意,ProductNotFoundException异常类应继承RuntimeException。
package com.jc2182.demo.exception;
public class ProductNotfoundException extends RuntimeException {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
}
下面给出了用于全局处理异常的Controller Advice类。我们可以在此类文件中定义任何异常处理程序方法。
package com.jc2182.demo.exception;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
@ControllerAdvice
public class ProductExceptionController {
@ExceptionHandler(value = ProductNotfoundException.class)
public ResponseEntity<Object> exception(ProductNotfoundException exception) {
return new ResponseEntity<>("Product not found", HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
}
}
下面提供了产品服务API控制器文件以更新产品。如果未找到产品,则它将引发ProductNotFoundException类。
现在,使用下面给出的代码从API引发异常。
package com.jc2182.demo.controller;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.jc2182.demo.exception.ProductNotfoundException;
import com.jc2182.demo.model.Product;
@RestController
public class ProductServiceController {
private static Map<String, Product> productRepo = new HashMap<>();
static {
Product honey = new Product();
honey.setId("1");
honey.setName("Honey");
productRepo.put(honey.getId(), honey);
Product almond = new Product();
almond.setId("2");
almond.setName("Almond");
productRepo.put(almond.getId(), almond);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/products/{id}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public ResponseEntity<Object> updateProduct(@PathVariable("id") String id, @RequestBody Product product) {
if(!productRepo.containsKey(id))throw new ProductNotfoundException();
productRepo.remove(id);
product.setId(id);
productRepo.put(id, product);
return new ResponseEntity<>("Product is updated successfully", HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
下面给出了主要的Spring Boot应用程序类文件的代码
package com.jc2182.demo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
}
产品的POJO类的代码如下
package com.jc2182.demo.model;
public class Product {
private String id;
private String name;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
Maven构建的代码– pom.xml如下所示-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.jc2182</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>demo</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</repository>
<repository>
<id>spring-snapshots</id>
<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<name>Spring Milestones</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</pluginRepository>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-snapshots</id>
<name>Spring Snapshots</name>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
下面给出了Gradle Build – build.gradle的代码-
plugins {
id 'org.springframework.boot' version '2.3.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT'
id 'io.spring.dependency-management' version '1.0.9.RELEASE'
id 'java'
}
group = 'com.jc2182'
version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
repositories {
mavenCentral()
maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/milestone' }
maven { url 'https://repo.spring.io/snapshot' }
}
dependencies {
implementation 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web'
testImplementation('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') {
exclude group: 'org.junit.vintage', module: 'junit-vintage-engine'
}
}
test {
useJUnitPlatform()
}
RESTFul Web 服务参考上一节
您可以创建一个可执行的JAR文件,并使用Maven或Gradle命令运行Spring Boot应用程序-
对于Maven,您可以使用以下命令-
在“BUILD SUCCESS”之后,您可以在target目录下找到JAR文件。
对于Gradle,您可以使用以下命令-
在“BUILD SUCCESSFUL”之后,您可以在build/libs目录下找到JAR文件。
您可以使用以下命令运行JAR文件-
在Tomcat端口8080上启动应用程序
现在在POSTMAN应用程序中请求URL,您可以看到如下所示的输出-
PUT URL:http://localhost:8080/products/3