Perl getpwent 函数

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  描述

  getpwent 此函数从/etc/passwd文件返回下一个密码条目。它与setpwent和endpwent函数结合使用以遍历密码文件。在列表上下文中，返回（$name，$passwd，$uid，$gid，$quota，$comment，$gcos，$dir，$shell）= getpwent;
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  句法

  以下是此函数的简单语法-

  
  getpwent
  

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  返回值

  此函数在标量上下文中返回用户名，并在列表上下文中返回用户记录（名称，密码，用户ID，组ID，引用，注释，实名，主目录，shell）。
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  示例

  以下是显示其基本用法的示例代码-

   
  while(($name, $passwd, $uid, $gid, $quota, $comment, $gcos,
     $dir, $shell) = getpwent()) {
     print "Name = $name\n";
     print "Password = $passwd\n";
     print "UID = $uid\n";
     print "GID = $gid\n";
     print "Quota = $quota\n";
     print "Comment = $comment\n";
     print "Gcos = $gcos\n";
     print "HOME DIR = $dir\n";
     print "Shell = $shell\n";
  }
  

  尝试一下

  执行结果：

  
  Name = root
  Password = x
  UID = 0
  GID = 0
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = root
  HOME DIR = /root
  Shell = /bin/bash
  Name = daemon
  Password = x
  UID = 1
  GID = 1
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = daemon
  HOME DIR = /usr/sbin
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = bin
  Password = x
  UID = 2
  GID = 2
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = bin
  HOME DIR = /bin
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = sys
  Password = x
  UID = 3
  GID = 3
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = sys
  HOME DIR = /dev
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = sync
  Password = x
  UID = 4
  GID = 65534
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = sync
  HOME DIR = /bin
  Shell = /bin/sync
  Name = games
  Password = x
  UID = 5
  GID = 60
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = games
  HOME DIR = /usr/games
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = man
  Password = x
  UID = 6
  GID = 12
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = man
  HOME DIR = /var/cache/man
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = lp
  Password = x
  UID = 7
  GID = 7
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = lp
  HOME DIR = /var/spool/lpd
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = mail
  Password = x
  UID = 8
  GID = 8
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = mail
  HOME DIR = /var/mail
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = news
  Password = x
  UID = 9
  GID = 9
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = news
  HOME DIR = /var/spool/news
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = uucp
  Password = x
  UID = 10
  GID = 10
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = uucp
  HOME DIR = /var/spool/uucp
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = proxy
  Password = x
  UID = 13
  GID = 13
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = proxy
  HOME DIR = /bin
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = www-data
  Password = x
  UID = 33
  GID = 33
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = www-data
  HOME DIR = /var/www
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = backup
  Password = x
  UID = 34
  GID = 34
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = backup
  HOME DIR = /var/backups
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = list
  Password = x
  UID = 38
  GID = 38
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = Mailing List Manager
  HOME DIR = /var/list
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = irc
  Password = x
  UID = 39
  GID = 39
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = ircd
  HOME DIR = /var/run/ircd
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = gnats
  Password = x
  UID = 41
  GID = 41
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin)
  HOME DIR = /var/lib/gnats
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = nobody
  Password = x
  UID = 65534
  GID = 65534
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = nobody
  HOME DIR = /nonexistent
  Shell = /usr/sbin/nologin
  Name = systemd-timesync
  Password = x
  UID = 100
  GID = 103
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = systemd Time Synchronization,,,
  HOME DIR = /run/systemd
  Shell = /bin/false
  Name = systemd-network
  Password = x
  UID = 101
  GID = 104
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = systemd Network Management,,,
  HOME DIR = /run/systemd/netif
  Shell = /bin/false
  Name = systemd-resolve
  Password = x
  UID = 102
  GID = 105
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = systemd Resolver,,,
  HOME DIR = /run/systemd/resolve
  Shell = /bin/false
  Name = systemd-bus-proxy
  Password = x
  UID = 103
  GID = 106
  Quota = 
  Comment = 
  Gcos = systemd Bus Proxy,,,
  HOME DIR = /run/systemd
  Shell = /bin/false